22,436 research outputs found
An Examination of an Effective Peer Evaluation Process
This student, peer evaluation process for mid-sized groups was developed to allow for assessment of individual performance in a high-stakes, team project. The objective is to ensure, as much as possible, the grades being assigned are being earned
Plan, siphoning and corruption in the Soviet command economy
This paper reconsiders Andrei Shleifer and Robert Vishnyâs suggestion that a socialist industry will always prefer to cut both price and output relative to a marketâclearing equilibrium in order to maximise bribe income. The evidence from recent archival studies of the Soviet economy does not support this conjecture. To understand the evidence we present an analytical framework within which a planâsetter and an effortâsetter interact, subject to a hard resource constraint, to determine real output and hidden inflation simultaneously. We find that managers who use resources gained corruptly were enabled to produce more real output with less hidden inflation and fulfil the plan more honestly as a result. We find clear rationales for planâsetters to have tolerated corruption and siphoning while maintaining plan tension, and we associate reduced plan tension in the 1970s with the spread of disloyal behaviours
Strategic Positioning and the Financing of Nonprofit Organizations: Is Efficiency Rewarded in the Contributions Marketplace?
This article addresses the question of whether operational efficiency is recognized and rewarded by the private funders that support nonprofit organizations in fields ranging from education to social service to arts and beyond. Looking at the administrative efficiency and fundraising results of a large sample of nonprofit organizations over an 11 year period, we find that nonprofits that position themselves as cost efficient reporting low administrative to total expense ratios fared no better over time than less efficient appearing organizations in the market for individuals, foundations, and corporate contributions. From this analysis, we suggest that economizing may not always be the best strategy in the nonprofit sector. This publication is Hauser Center Working Paper No. 2. The Hauser Center Working Paper Series was launched during the summer of 2000. The Series enables the Hauser Center to share with a broad audience important works-in-progress written by Hauser Center scholars and researchers
From cadaver to computer: Incorporating computers into the topographical anatomy laboratory
Traditionally, students have studied human anatomy through dissection and prosection. This requires considerable input from demonstrators, with students working mainly in large groups. Increasing student numbers, decreasing funds for staff, and a need to encourage students to develop independent learning skills that will be of value throughout their professional lives, have meant that the nature of their learning in the Topographical Anatomy Laboratory has had to change. The situation in which groups of students are guided by demonstrators has moved towards a more selfâdirected learning environment. Several innovations have been introduced at University College London, including a multimedia laboratory which is the focus of this paper. The results of the evaluation and the lessons learned from the early stages of setting up a selfâdirected learning environment are presented
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